AO2 gymnastics (gymnastic based sport)

Basic Skills

The basic skills for gymnastic are:

• Forward/backward roll: This helps you get more points and also helps with your warm up. This picture shows you how it’s done.
•  Balance: Balance helps you get more points and makes your jump clearer so it’s aesthetically pleasing. 
• Speed: The speeds of your run are part of what the judges would judge you on. The faster you go the better. You're speed also helps you prepare for the flips and jumps. 
• Jump: The judge marks you on this, that’s why it’s important because the higher you jump the easier it is to do a flip/spin or the vault. 
• Symmetry. The judges mark you on this, and it makes it easier for people to know what vault you are doing.
• Strength. The judges mark you on this because the stronger you push on the vaulting table the higher you go and the harder you jump on the spring board the better. 
• Spinning/ flips/ vault. The judges have to score you on your vault and how aesthetically pleasing it was.
• Hand stand.
• Hand spring.

Technique:

A forward back roll can be performed following the diagram bellow.  First you plant your head to the floor, then push with your hand and then roll back up.

Balance can be achieved by using a balance beam or you could stand on one leg and look at something that is not moving but make sure your body is symmetrical. This technique helps get better at balancing.

To achieve speed you must not run flat footed, lift your knees high like a sprinter and you should be faster.  

 If you want to train and become faster you can try standing arm drives. These are basically standing on the spot and putting you arms opposite each other and do the action that looks as if you are running. 

If you want to achieve strength, all you need to do is work out. Strength ties in with everything. You have to be strong to do all these flips and you have to be strong for symmetry because you have to balance your self.

 Tactic:

A possible tactic for gymnast is to start off with an easy vault. This is because they can secure the point and have a good start and then later on they can go for the harder and more advanced jumps. This tactic is used for less advanced gymnast, and this tactic is very affective.

For more advanced gymnast they should try going for the hardest move first and keep on going.

Strategies: An overall strategy would be to try all the hardest jumps and get the most points, without help, because when you get help from other people you get a point deducted.

Ao3 football (Game Based sport)

In this unit I will talk about what I did well and what I didn’t do well. I will also talk about how I improve, and how to improve. I will also show evidence.

	goals
Game 1	4
Game 2	3
Game 3	4

I have scored 11 goals in the past three games that I have played in. These past 3 games were against easy opponents, and their defense were not good. The number of goals I scored in the past 3 games is very good, this is because I am a defensive midfield and I don't score many goals because I mainly defend. The reason why I have improved and scored a lot of goals is that I go to the football training regularly, and we train a lot. I also do some 10 minutes running on the treadmill; this helps me improve my speed and stamina. A defensive midfielder job is to help support the midfield/defense, the defensive midfielder is like the back bone of the team. He is supposed to help gain the ball of the opposition and collect rebounds and miss kicks also I should win every possible duel in midfield. The training I done to improve was to practice running every day, and do some cardio exercise in the gym as this helps to keep you in shape. I also play football with one of my friend who is better than me. He helps me when I make mistakes. I sometimes walk to the nearest bus stop and back when I am coming home.

These are what people think i do well, and what i can improve on.

	Things I do well	Things I can improve on
Mum	“ Ore trains very hard and that’s why he is good at passing and holding the ball”	“Ore can improve on his long range shots”
Demi (brother)	“Ore is good at long distance running”	“ Ore can improve on his long range shots”
Darah (brother)	“Ore is very good at passing, and he is excellent at defending”	“Ore can improve on his stamina”

  Strengths

My strength is the fact that I am physically strong; this helps me because I play defensive midfield and I need to be strong to hold of opponents. I am also fast this helps me run down the wing and cross the ball into the box for strikers. I am high-quality at crossing the ball into the box; this is because I play football all the time and I gradually improve. I am okay with dribbling with the ball. 

Weakness 

I am not good with stamina as I cannot play a whole 90 minutes game without been substituted. I am also not good at having shoots from long distance; this is because when I do have a shoot from long distance it goes wide and I lose the ball. 

Improvement 

I need to practise long distance shoots as I am not good at that. To do this I will have to go training and take long shots against our team’s goalkeeper. This will help me develop a better shot from long distance.

Ao3 gymnastics

Gymnastic based sport

In this unit I will talk about what I did well and what I didn’t do well. I will also talk about how I improve, and how to improve. I will also show evidence.

This is a table of my jumps and what the judges scored me.

	Judge 1	Judge 2
Straddle	4	4
Through	6	7

As you can see I did not do very well in the straddle jump. This was because I did not straighten my legs wide enough and I did not land perfectly, if I had improved on those two things I might have got a higher score.

I later did these same jumps again with the same judges and they gave me a better score (this is shown in the table).

	Judge 1	Judge 2
Straddle	7	6
Through	8	9

I had improved in both my jumps and you could see that clearly in my table.

The reason why I did not get a good score in the straddle jump on table 1, was because of my run up. My run up was not fast enough and I had a blister, which slowed me down. I also did not stretch my legs wide enough.

I have improved a lot in the last two lessons; this is shown by my scores for my jumps. The reason I improve in the straddle and through jump, was because I mainly used these jumps for all my gymnastic sessions. I gradually got better at this, and soon I could do these jumps easily.

The training I have done to improve my fitness is cardio exercise which is shown in the table below:

I did these drills every day for ten minutes each week. These drills helped build my fitness and core. I also practised these jumps over cretin objects when I was not busy.

My mum wrote “Ore has been doing all these exercise on a regular basis to improve his fitness”.

My strengths in gymnastics are the height of my jump and the clarity of the jump. But I need to improve on my speed and balance; to improve on my speed I need to run more and that is why I am using a treadmill to help me with my speed. To improve my balance I will do some balancing exercise, like walking with a book on my head, this improves my balance and posture.

Ao3 swimming (athletic based sport)

In this unit I will be talking about performance in swimming and I will be evaluating my performance.

In this graph I will show my time for different distance in swimming.

Distance	50 m	25m
Time	39 seconds	15 seconds
Time	20 seconds	10 seconds

In my first trial of these distance I did not do as well as I expected. This was because it was my first time on having a swimming test and I was under pressure, so I might have been nerves and the fact I only started swimming four weeks ago. 

In my second trial I got a better score and a certificate. This was mainly because I had more swimming lessons and I was prepared for anything.

In most of or lessons we learnt the breast stroke and back stroke, this was because I was in the top group and my teacher thought these were more advanced. Since we manly focused on these two strokes, I used these strokes in my test.

The training I done to improve was to go swimming regularly. This is the most effective and he easiest way to improve in swimming.

Strenghts

My strengths are the breast stroke and the back stroke. This is mainly because I practise with these strokes more often. I am also good with the dive in, this is important as it helps me to get a good lead races.
Weakness

My weaknesses are swimming for a long distance; this is because I struggle with my stamina and speed. I also struggle with breathing under water for long, this is mainly because i can not hold my breath long under water.  
Improvement
To improve on my weakness I will have to do more swimming practise and go swimming training. I will also do some arobic exercise.

Witness statement	What I did well	What I could improve
George Anderson	“your run up was very fast”	“you need to improve aesthetically pleasing”
Andrew Davison	“ your balance was very good”	“ you need to improve your symmetry”

AO2 footbal (games based sport)

Skills

The more important a skill is depends on where the player is playing. There are many skills involved in football. These skills help you score and stop goals.

The basic skills in football are:

Passing: If you can pass you have a better chance of holding position and you can gradually go forward and score.

Shooting: If you can shoot then your team has a better chance of scoring.

 

Heading: Heading is mainly for defenders and corners; you have to be able to head the ball into the goal, and out of your own area.

Throwing. Throwing is for throw on; this is when the ball is out of the pitch and the team that didn’t kick it off gets to throw the ball to one of their team mates. You need to be able to throw, so you can get the ball far away to some one who is on your team.

Dribbling: You need to be able to dribble so you can get past other players. You could do step over, three sixty, out run your opponent, there are lots of skills involved in dribbling.

Running: Running is part of dribbling, you need to be able to run past other players or run to get the ball from opposite teams’ players.

Diving and catching for goal keepers. Goal keepers need to be able to catch the ball so it doesn't go into the goal, and they need to be able to catch if a corner is coming in. Goal keepers also need to be able to dive, this is because if the opposite team is taking a penalty the goal keeper needs to be able to dive and catch the ball.

If you are a defender you need to be able to:

Jump, Head the ball, accelerate with the ball, be agile and have lots of stamina. These skills are important because they are the basic skills a defender needs.

If you are a midfielder you would need to be able to do all types of skills, because midfielders have to attack and defend.

If you were a striker the most important skill you would need is to shoot and score.

Technique:

For passing you need to be able to pick out players that are not marked and see players who are making runs for the ball. Passing is very important because it makes the ball progresses and gives you possession of the ball. Before you can make a pass you need to be able to control a pass, you can do this by wrapping your feet around the ball when it comes to you, you can also cushion the ball so it doesn't get away from you.

The technique you use for shooting is to point one of your feet where you want the ball to go then position your body the correct way and shoot. You can do this technique if you are about to take a free kick, but when the ball instantly comes to you and you do not have time for that you have to look up first to see where the goal is and where you want the ball to go, then you look down to see if your feet are positioned the proper way then you shoot but making sure your body position and your feet are in the direction you want to shoot and you keep on looking at the ball incase it doesn't go in, and you have to be prepared for any rebound.

Heading: the technique you use for heading is bringing your head back and then push forward, this makes the ball go in the direction you want it to go, but you have to place your head in the direction to.

Dribbling: there are various techniques for dribbling but I am going to talk about step over, the first point you need to remember about step over is you are trying to trick the defender so you have to use your body weight. You have to bring your foot round the ball the first time and shift your body weight, this makes the defender think you are going the way your body is moving to, and then you push away the ball to the opposite direction.

Diving: diving is only for goal keepers; it’s basically jumping to save the ball.

Tactics

Tactic is structuring how certain people are going to play and where they are going to play in a football match. For example, if a team is slow then you know to put your fast players on and they should play on the wide, this way you are targeting the opposition teams’ weaknesses weakness.

You can also find the strength and weakness of other teams. Professional teams watch videos of their next opponent. They do this to find out the team’s strength and weakness. This then helps them know how to play well against them.

Strategies

 

The strategies are how the manager wants the whole team to play. So if your opponent is not a good team, team then your strategies would be to attack and don't give them the ball, but the tactic for different players would be to attack from the wide. And that is the difference.

AO1 football (games based sport)

Football
Rules of the game:
Football is a fast paced and classed as a non-contact game.
There are several rules for football and these rules were decided by the F A. The rules effect the players the staff the manager, coaches and everyone else involved. These rules cover three main areas, first is betting, then inside information, and last match fixing.
These rules help everyone to be at their best while at the match and it helps the players be at their best.
Rules on the pitch:
The rules on the pitch are:
• Respect the referee
• Each team has to start with 11 players on the pitch ( one of them is a goalkeeper)
• Goal keepers are the only players allowed to play with any part of their body, there only allowed do this in the penalty area, in front of their own goal
• The offside rule, this is when a player is in the opponents half of the pitch. He is in front of the ball. The ball is last touched by another player on his team. There are less than two opposing players (can include the goalkeeper) who are level with him or in advance of him on the pitch, and, He receives a pass or interferes with play.
• These are the main rules, and they are enforced by the fa.
• No two footed tackle.
• Classed as a non contact game.

Playing positions.
There are different positions to play in football; there is midfield, defender, attacker and goalkeeper. There are also different formations in football E.G.
• 4 defenders 3 midfield and 3 attackers/forward
• 4,4,2
• 5, 4, 1
• 4, 3, 1, 2

• 3, 5, 2

• There are different types of position, and you can use any of them, but just as long as there are 11 players on the field

There are different tactics in football, E.G the attacking formation, Offensive.
The length of a pitch must be between 90m and 120m, and the width must be nothing less than 45m and not more than 90m.
• The penalty box is 12 yards away from goal.
• The goal is 2.44m high and 7.32 meters wide.
• There is an 18yds box with a smaller box in it called the 6yds box.
Football originally started from everywhere in the world, but it started to take shape in England at 1863. On October 1963, eleven London clubs and schools sent their representatives to the Freemason's Tavern. These representatives were planning on clarifying the rules by making a set of fundamental rules, acceptable to all teams, to manage the matches played amongst them. This meeting was the begging of the Football Association. The endless arguments concerning shin-kicking, tripping and carrying the ball was talked about. On the 8th of December 1863 the Rugby style finally left the way people played football. People wanted no part in a game that had tripping, shin-kicking and carrying the ball. On 8 December 1863, football and rugby finally split. Their separation became totally opposed six years later when a rule was included in the football rules not allowing any handling of the ball (not only carrying it). 48 years later the Football Association is now called the F.A. for short and there are even more rules and technologyes.
Fifa is International Federation of Association Football, and it is an association governed by Swiss law founded in 1904 and based in Zurich. It is one of the main football organizations.
There are lots of English/foreign leagues E.G.:
• Premier league. This league is for the top English teams. This is a examples of the top team logos

• Championship. This league is for the second to top English teams. These are the two top team’s logos.

• League one. These are the two top team’s logos.

• Scottish premier. This league is for the top Scottish teams. This is the top teams logo

• (France) ligue 1. This league is for the top French teams. This is the top teams logo.

• (Italian) seria A. This league is for the top Italian teams. This is the top teams logo.

• (Spanish) primera liga. This league is for the top Spanish teams. This is the top teams logo
This teams that I have shown the logo are in the top 3 places these year on their league.

The role models in football are people who follow the roles, don’t cheat, show a good example to little children, and don't do inappropriate things, this is why I have chosen Gianfranco Zola :
Zola was born in Oliena, Sardinia on July 5, 1966 and his first professional team was Nuorese. In his early career he also featured for Torres, later moving to Napoli in 1989 where he would become understudy to Diego Maradona. Later he became Napoli's first-choice striker as Maradona tested positive for drugs, ruining his Napoli career.
In 1991 Zola helped Napoli to the European Super Cup and was also called up to the Italy squad under Arrigo Sacchi. Two years later it was time for Zola to move on again and he was signed by Parma where he would partner another South American, Columbia's Faustino Asprilla. Joining Parma proved a fruitful experience for Zola, winning the UEFA cup and finishing runners-up in Serie A and the Italian Cup. Unfortunately (for Parma or Zola depending on how you look at it) he could never fit into the managers plans.
Zola had never taken drugs and still influences many people even though he is retired.
Another major role model is Ryan Giggs, he is the holder of almost every individual record in the English league, he was born Ryan Joseph Wilson on 29 November 1973he is a Welsh professional footballer who plays for Manchester United. Giggs made his first appearance for the club during the 1990–91 seasons and has been a regular player since the1991–92 seasons. He established himself as a left winger during the 1990s, and continuing in this position well into the 2000s, though he has been increasingly used in a deeper playmaking role in his later years.
Giggs is the most decorated player in English football history. He also holds the club record for most competitive appearances. Giggs has won 12 premier league, 4 F.A cup, 3 league cups and 2 champions league winners medal.
Giggs is a major influence as he is still playing for Manchester united and has a very good behaviour.
My four top players of English premier league this year are:
• Daniel sturridge, because hes come from nowhere to be one of Chelsea’s young talent.
• Wayne Rooney, even though he wasn’t setting a good example in the England vs. Montenegro he still has scored so many goal and is healthy and fit.
• Sergio aguero is been on form lately and it seems every time he plays he either scores a goal or creates one.
• Juan Mata, the Spanish has shown English premier league what the Spanish people have to offer, he is one of the most talented players this year.
Equipment
For football you need the following if you’re a player/referee:
• Boots
• Cleats
• Shin guard
• Gloves (goal keeper)
• Long sleeve and long pants for diving (goal keeper)
• Same colour clothing, so you can find your team mate.
• 2 goals, with net attached to them.
• 4 flags for each corner (referee)
• 1 referee and two assistant, 4th official.

A01 gymastic (gjmastic based sport)

Vault is gymnastics based sport with apparatus; it is also the skill performed using the apparatus.
Equipment
The first ever vault apparatus was a vaulting horse. It was set up with its longest side to perpendicular for a run if you were a woman, and parallel if you were a man. The vaulting horse was the apparatus used in the Olympics for over 100 years. The vaulting horse was used for the men in the first modern Olympic. But it was stopped from being used in the men and women gymnastics at the 2000 Olympics.
Girl’s equipment are: uneven bars, beam, floor, parallel pars and a vault.
Boy’s equipment is: pommel horse, mushroom, rings, floor, parallel bars and vault.

This equipment is for all type of gymnasts.


The vaulting horse had caused serious accidents over the years, for example:
• In 1988, Julissa Gomez got paralyzed in a vaulting accident; she died 3 years later from her incident.
• In 1998 Sang LAN fell and suffered paralysis from a cervical spine injury.
• If the horse was too high or too low gymnasts either had bad landing or hit the horse from the front.
Dimensions:
• Length: 120 centimetres (3.9 ft)
• Width: 95 centimetres (3.12 ft)
Height:
• Men: 135 centimetres (4.43 ft)
• Women: 125 centimetres (4.10 ft)
Run up area:
• Length: 2,500 centimetres (82 ft)
• Width: 100 centimetres (3.3 ft)

Structure of national organization
After the problems in 2000 the international gymnastics federation (fig), changed the apparatus, this was for safety reasons and better facilities. The new apparatus were made by a Dutch gymnastic company named Janssen fritsen. It had a flat, larger, and more comfortable surface, which was parallel to the floor, and it sloped downwards at the end which was closer to the spring board, gymnastics nicknamed it the tongue.
In 2007 a Dutch junior gymnast imke glas was seriously injured in a fall on the vault.
Position:
Vaults are divided into five different groups, called families. The most common family performed is the front handspring style.
To perform the vault, you hit from the springboard onto the vault table, touching the table as if you were performing a handspring. Your weight is then briefly held on the table by your hands for the "block," after which you push off the table and dismount.
There is the half on vault. The half on vault is the way the body twists before touching the vault. A basic move in gymnastics, the half on vault involves twisting your body one-half turn before your body makes contact with the vaulting table.

There is the stoop on vaults; a stoop on vault involves picking your legs after hitting the springboard. Once in the air, your hands are placed firmly on the vault table, allowing your legs to be picked, or bent at the hips only instead of the knees. This allows your feet to be placed between the hands on the table, and then pressed off the vault table.
There is the straddle vault, which is a vault when the run and jump are similar to other vaults, but the movement of the legs involves a straddle position. A straddle position in gymnastics refers to opening the legs any amount from just a little to more than 180 degrees, or a splits position. In the straddle vault, the legs are separated enough for the legs to arrive on either side of the hands. Once the feet hit the platform, the gymnast stands up.

Those are the main vaults.
RULES:
Gymnastic was officially an Olympic game in 1952, and was ever since. Gymnastics rules are made by FIG which stands for Federation International Gymnastique, they were formed in 1881 to do the rules.
In the mid-1950 a series of rules was developed to standardise competitive gymnastics:
• Gymnasts are only allowed to make one attempt on each apparatus.
• Assistants known as 'spotters' may stand next to specified pieces of apparatus to prevent risk of injury but 0.4 will be taken off the final score if help is required.
• Spotters are allowed to help gymnasts mount the still rings and the horizontal bars.
• Gymnasts may wear bandages or leather grips to increase friction on the apparatus.
• Gymnasts may be penalised for what the judges consider to be unsporting behaviour.
• Gymnasts may repeat a routine if it has been interrupted by an external factor.
• Gymnasts must obtain permission to leave the arena during a competition.
Scoring
Gymnastics events are scored by two groups of judges: difficulty judges and execution judges who each award the gymnast a mark out of ten at the end of their routine. If a minor error is made 0.1 is taken off the final mark but more serious errors may cost the gymnast anything up to 0.4 of a point deduction. If the gymnast falls off a piece of apparatus half a point is deducted. Once each judge has given a mark, the highest and lowest scores are discounted and the gymnast's overall score is averaged from the remaining scores.
The judges score you on things like:
• The height of the jump.
• The clarity of the jump.
• The balance.
• If its aesthetically pleasing
• Start and finishing position.
• Good form and execution
• A good landing.
• A stuck landing
• Unique of the routine.
Structure of leagues: The leagues in gymnastics are as followed.
• British Championships
• British Open Tournament
• World Trampoline Championships
• European Championships
• World Artistic Championships
• The Challenge Cup

There are a lot of teams in gymnastics. Some of these teams are countries and cities even towns
THE TOP 3 MEN:
These are the top 3 men in gymnastic
• Ito M. He is from Japan
• Fedorenkon. He’s from Russia
• Merinon. He’s from Portugal
THE TOP 3 WOMEN:
These are the top 3 women in gymnastic
• Driscoll k she is British
• Rente A she is portages
• Cockburn k she is Canadian

Role model:

A top role model in gymnastics is Katherine driscoll.
She is a good role model, because she has never been accused of doing anything wrong, also she started from the bottom like every normal person and made her way up to become the best women gymnastic.